一文看懂放疗领域的五大技术！

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                    <section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section data-role="paragraph" data-color="rgb(182, 228, 253)" data-custom="rgb(182, 228, 253)"><section><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><section><p><p><img src="image/20201014/86b79d371e9862b01189f0252a03b2cd_1.png" /></p><br  /></p></section><section><section><span><strong></strong></span></section><p><span>医疗器械媒体报道先锋</span></p><p><span>分享专业医疗器械知识</span></p></section><section><section><section><span>关注</span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p><br  /></p><p><span>在放疗的技术应用方面，最常见的就是三维适形（3DCRT）技术、调强放射治疗（IMRT）技术、容积旋转调强技术（VMAT）、立体定向放射治疗（SBRT）、以及螺旋断层放射治疗（TOMO）技术。那么五者有何区别呢？</span></p><p><br  /></p><p><span><strong>三维适形放疗技术</strong></span></p><p><span><strong>（3DCRT）</strong></span><span></span></p><p><br  /></p><p><span>是指通过一定的手段（如治疗过程中使用的<strong><span>铅挡块</span></strong>），调整放射线束的三维形状，使它与病变靶区形状一致。</span><span>这种放疗技术虽然在适形度上满足了肿瘤治疗的标准，但肿瘤体内剂量的均匀性并不理想，而且无法保护嵌入肿瘤内或被肿瘤包绕的正常器官，容易造成一些正常器官的不必要照射。</span></p><p><span><br  /></span></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><img src="image/20201014/1bed713eff997a43f3d218891aebb91f_2.jpg" /></p></section></section></section><p><br  /></p><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><span><strong>三维适形放疗</strong>就好像<strong><span>全方位炮火轰炸</span></strong><strong><span></span></strong></span></section><section><span>虽然医生在正常组织前面</span></section><section><span>用<strong><span>铅挡块</span></strong>做了一个防御工事</span></section><section><span>但一梭子扫射过去</span></section><section><span>难免误伤到我军俘虏</span></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><img src="image/20201014/894f49cd560308ed5a0dd0a98c61370d_3.png" /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><span>图片来源：网易军事频道</span><span></span></section></section></section></section><p><br  /></p><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><span><strong><span>调强放射治疗技术</span></strong></span></section><section><span><strong><span>（IMRT）</span></strong></span></section><p><br  /></p><section><span>调强放射治疗技术（IMRT）是在三维适形放疗技术上发展起来的，除了完全具备适形放疗的优点外，IMRT技术可实现照射野内的剂量强度调节。</span><span>这一技术突破不仅能使肿瘤区域（比如临床可见区、亚临床区）实现不同剂量的照射，提高肿瘤的局部控制率，而且可以大限度地减少周围正常组织的剂量，降低正常组织并发症的几率，减少治疗后的副作用。</span><span>这种技术，治疗过程通常需持续15-20分钟；</span><span>在治疗过程中，加速器治疗机会根据放疗方案自动围绕患者旋转多个角度，或者重复停止和启动，以从多个不同的角度治疗肿瘤。</span></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><img src="image/20201014/417ad9216e965fe0d52d9e320bd5875a_4.png" /></p></section></section></section><p><br  /></p><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><span><strong>容积旋转调强技术（VMAT）</strong></span><span></span></section><p><br  /></p><section><span>容积旋转调强技术（VMAT）是一种先进的IMRT技术。</span><span> 该技术的特点是“快、准、优”。</span><span>“快”体现在时间方面，相比于IMRT技术，完成一次VMAT治疗只需要2-6分钟，大大缩短了患者的治疗时间改善了治疗过程中的舒适度；</span><span>“准”体现在精确程度上，该技术通过调节加速器内的多叶光栅以及各个角度的机架旋转速度，不仅让放射线随着肿瘤厚度调弱、增强,还能考虑肿瘤体积各部位的厚薄不同,来给予最适合的放射线强度；</span><span>“优”体现在优越性方面，该技术可在360度单弧或多弧设定的任何角度范围内对肿瘤进行旋转照射，比传统治疗方式照射范围更大，更灵活，更精准。</span></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><img src="image/20201014/eb7f4bf123db6db5073b7f0e66190c54_5.png" /></p></section></section></section><p><br  /></p><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><span><strong>容积旋转调强</strong>相当于在调强放射的基础上</span></section><section><span>加装了现代化的<strong><span>瞄准器</span></strong><strong><span></span></strong></span></section><section><span><strong><span>打击效果更好了</span></strong><strong><span></span></strong></span></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><img src="image/20201014/bbf6c58341fcc65a50379723b3f6ca64_6.jpg" /></p></section></section></section><p><br  /></p><section><span><strong><span>立体定向放射治疗技术</span></strong></span></section><section><span><strong><span>（SBRT）</span></strong></span><span></span></section><p><br  /></p><section><span>&nbsp;立体定向放射治疗技术（SBRT）是一种特殊的IMRT技术。目前SBRT在体部的多种早期肿瘤的治疗中已经取得很好的疗效。SBRT技术是指利用每次高剂量的放疗，通过短短几次照射即能达到根治性剂量以消灭肿瘤。它最大的特点就是</span><span><strong><span>分次剂量大，治疗的天数短。</span></strong></span></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><img src="image/20201014/7dd118ca9f8ded24f721dc49cee8bf1b_7.jpg" /></p></section></section></section><p><br  /></p><section><span><strong><span>螺旋断层放射治疗技术</span></strong></span></section><section><span><strong><span>（TOMO）</span></strong></span></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><span>螺旋断层放射治疗技术（TOMO）是目前世界上唯一采用螺旋CT扫描方式治疗癌症的方法。</span><span>其独创的螺旋CT断层治疗方式、结合计算机断层影像引导技术，突破了传统加速器的诸多限制，实现了在CT图像引导下360度全角度聚焦，能对恶性肿瘤进行高效、精准、安全的断层放射治疗。</span></section><section><br  /></section><section><span>TOMO技术的优势在于：</span><span>更容易实现剂量雕刻，拥有高度适形的剂量分布，并发症的发生率的可能性更低；</span><span>在治疗过程中能实现精确的影像引导，确保优异的剂量分布每次能得以精确实现；</span><span>尤其在大范围、多发转移以及复杂肿瘤的治疗上拥有传统加速器无法比拟的优势。</span></section><section><span></span></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><img src="image/20201014/d08171caff656d5dc59676bd110b644e_8.png" /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section><span><strong>TOMO技术优势</strong><strong></strong></span></section></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><ul><li><section><span><strong>照射精准——特殊设计，最高精度</strong><strong></strong></span></section></li><li><section><span><strong>疗效明显——局控生存，显著提高</strong><strong></strong></span></section></li><li><section><span><strong>化繁为简——多个病灶，一次完成</strong><strong></strong></span></section></li><li><section><span><strong>应用广泛——各类肿瘤，均可选择</strong><strong></strong></span></section></li><li><section><span><strong>性价比高——减少并发症，降低总费用</strong><strong></strong></span></section></li></ul></section></section></section><p><br  /></p><p><span><strong><span><a data-miniprogram-appid="wxdc7efe409d688f37" data-miniprogram-path="pages/authorizationLogin/authorizationLogin" data-miniprogram-nickname="" href="" data-miniprogram-type="image" data-miniprogram-servicetype="" target="_blank" href=""><p><img src="image/20201014/7235eecc5e3d188f5fff3d4fc9e8c241_9.png" /></p></a></span></strong></span></p><p><br  /></p><section data-role="outer" label="Powered by gulangu"><section 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