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电子工程师必备基础知识大全

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发表于 2020-10-21 13:33:31 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式

                    

                    

                    
                    
                    <p style="margin-top: 3px; margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif, 宋体; font-size: 12px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">电子工程师必备基<span style="font-size: 16px;">础知识(一)<br style="margin: 0px;"  /> </span></p><p style="margin-top: 3px; margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif, 宋体; font-size: 12px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 16px;">运算放大器通过简单的外围元件,在模拟电路和数字电路中得到非常广泛的应用。运算放大器有好些个型号,在详细的性能参数上有几个差别,但原理和应用方法一样。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 3px; margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif, 宋体; font-size: 12px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 16px;">运算放大器通常有两个输入端,即正向输入端和反向输入端,有且只有一个输出端。部分运算放大器除了两个输入和一个输出外,还有几个改善性能的补偿引脚。 光敏电阻的阻值随着光线强弱的变化而明显的变化。所以,能够用来制作智能窗帘、路灯自动开关、照相机快门时间自动调节器等。<br style="margin: 0px;"  /> </span></p><p style="margin-top: 3px; margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif, 宋体; font-size: 12px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 16px;">干簧管是能够通过磁场来控制电路通断的电子元件。干簧管内部由软磁金属簧片组成,在有磁场的情况,金属簧片能够聚集磁力线并使受到力的作用,从而达到接通或断开的作用。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 3px; margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif, 宋体; font-size: 12px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 16px;">电子工程师必备基础知识(二)<br style="margin: 0px;"  /> </span></p><p style="margin-top: 3px; margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif, 宋体; font-size: 12px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 16px;">电容的作用用三个字来说:“充放电。”不要小看这三个字,就因为这三个字,电容能够通过交流电,隔断直流电;通高频交流电,阻碍低频交流电。<br style="margin: 0px;"  /> </span></p><p style="margin-top: 3px; margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif, 宋体; font-size: 12px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 16px;">电容的作用如果用八个字来说那就:“隔直通交,通高阻低。”这八个字是根据“充放电”三个字得出来的,不理解没关系,先死记硬背住。 <br style="margin: 0px;"  /> </span></p><p style="margin-top: 3px; margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif, 宋体; font-size: 12px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 16px;">能够根据直流电源输出电流的大小和后级(电路或产品)对电源的要求来先择滤波电容,通常情况下,每1安培电流对应1000UF-4700UF是比较合适的。<br style="margin: 0px;"  /> </span></p><p style="margin-top: 3px; margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif, 宋体; font-size: 12px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 16px;">电子工程师必备基础知识(三)</span></p><p style="margin-top: 3px; margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif, 宋体; font-size: 12px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 16px;">电感的作用用四个字来说:“电磁转换。”不要小看这四个字,就因为这四个字,电感能够隔断交流电,通过直流电;通低频交流电,阻碍高频交流电。电感的作用再用八个字来说那就:“隔交通直,通低阻高。”这八个字是根据“电磁转换”三个字得出来的。<br style="margin: 0px;"  /> </span></p><p style="margin-top: 3px; margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif, 宋体; font-size: 12px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 16px;">电感是电容的死对头。另外,电感还有这样一个特点:电流和磁场必需同时存在。电流要消失,磁场会消失;磁场要消失,电流会消失;磁场南北极变化,电流正负极也会变化。<br style="margin: 0px;"  /> </span></p><p style="margin-top: 3px; margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif, 宋体; font-size: 12px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 16px;">电感内部的电流和磁场一直在“打内战”,电流想变化,磁场偏不让变化;磁场想变化,电流偏不让变化。但,由于外界原因,电流和磁场都可能一定要发生变化。给 电感线圈加上电压,电流想从零变大,可是磁场会反对,因此电流只好慢慢的变大;给电感去掉电压,电流想从大变成零,可是磁场又要反对,可是电流回路都没 啦,电流已经被强迫为零,磁场就会发怒,立即在电感两端产生很高的电压,企图产生电流并维持电流不变。这个电压很高很高,甚至会损坏电子元件,这就是线圈 的自感现象。<br style="margin: 0px;"  /> </span></p><p style="margin-top: 3px; margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif, 宋体; font-size: 12px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 16px;">给一个电感线圈外加一个变化磁场,只要线圈有闭合的回路,线圈就会产生电流。如果没回路的话,就会在线圈两端产生一个电压。产生电压 的目的就是要企图产生电流。当两个或多个丝圈共用一个磁芯(聚集磁力线的作用)或共用一个磁场时,线圈之间的电流和磁场就会互相影响,这就是电流的互感现 象。<br style="margin: 0px;"  /> </span></p><p style="margin-top: 3px; margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif, 宋体; font-size: 12px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 16px;">大家看得见,电感其实就是一根导线,电感对直流的电阻很小,甚至能够忽略不计。电感对交流电呈现出很大的电阻作用。<br style="margin: 0px;"  /> </span></p><p style="margin-top: 3px; margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif, 宋体; font-size: 12px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 16px;">电感的串联、并联非常复杂,因为电感实际上就是一根导线在按一定的位置路线分布,所以,电感的串联、并联也跟电感的位置相关(主要是磁力场的互相作用相关),如果不考虑磁场作用及分布电容、导线电阻(Q值)等影响的话就相当于电阻的串联、并联效果。<br style="margin: 0px;"  /> </span></p><p style="margin-top: 3px; margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif, 宋体; font-size: 12px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 16px;">交流电的频率越高,电感的阻碍作用越大。交流电的频率越低,电感的阻碍作用越小。<br style="margin: 0px;"  /> </span></p><p style="margin-top: 3px; margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif, 宋体; font-size: 12px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 16px;">电感和充满电的电容并联在一起时,电容放电会给电感,电感产生磁场,磁场会维持电流,电流又会给电容反向充电,反向充电后又会放电,周而复始……如果没损耗,或能及时的补充这种损耗,就会产生稳定的振荡。</span></p><p style=""><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/rz7R73cuHRrv6jdOCoJeZmYwvEAIoHpY0a7yJL2egiaEokLTpwkIsIRTzTFUic09aEThKHS4hrEcSqU0lAS3tu5g/0" data-ratio="0.14784394250513347" data-w="487" width="auto" width="auto" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/rz7R73cuHRrv6jdOCoJeZmYwvEAIoHpY0a7yJL2egiaEokLTpwkIsIRTzTFUic09aEThKHS4hrEcSqU0lAS3tu5g/0?tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5" style="margin: 0px; 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padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(192, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></strong></span></legend></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; word-wrap: normal; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 24px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">平台的理念:分享维修经验,为工程师提供技术配件支持,为临床使用者提供医疗器械使用保养维护信息,关注我们传递正能量。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; word-wrap: normal; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 24px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 仿宋; font-size: 19px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">微信公众号:</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; word-wrap: normal; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 24px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 仿宋; font-size: 19px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">    </span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 0, 0); font-size: 20px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></strong><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; word-wrap: normal; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 24px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 仿宋; font-size: 19px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">群主微信号:</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"> </span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; word-wrap: normal; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 24px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 14px; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 20px; color: rgb(255, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">    shanying916</span></strong></p><fieldset class="brcolor" style="margin: 0px; padding: 5px; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); line-height: 24px; white-space: normal; border: 1px solid rgb(0, 187, 236); font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 12px; background-color: rgb(248, 247, 245); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><legend style="margin: 0px 10px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span class="bkcolor" style="margin: 0px; padding: 5px 10px; max-width: 100%; border: 0px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: bold; font-size: 14px; border-top-left-radius: 5px; border-top-right-radius: 5px; border-bottom-right-radius: 5px; border-bottom-left-radius: 5px; background-color: rgb(0, 187, 236); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%;">复制上面微信号</span><img data-s="300,640" data-ratio="1.35" data-w="20" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/A1DicCH9Vl6NE8iaIXiblrE1WKyXQz6qbATAS0VZxTKlGupjMMNvicoNs9vhvYGBr83wmsdO1ouTw7kVDibk9w6VoMg/0" class="" id="c6" width="auto" width="auto" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/A1DicCH9Vl6NE8iaIXiblrE1WKyXQz6qbATAS0VZxTKlGupjMMNvicoNs9vhvYGBr83wmsdO1ouTw7kVDibk9w6VoMg/640?tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: auto !important;"  /><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%;">联系我哟</span></span></legend><blockquote style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; word-wrap: normal; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; border: 0px; color: rgb(255, 192, 0); font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"></span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 192, 0); border: 0px; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">? </span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(127, 127, 127); border: 0px; line-height: 28px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">定期推送</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 192, 0); border: 0px; line-height: 28px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">医械资讯</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; border: 0px; line-height: 28px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(127, 127, 127); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">,</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 176, 80); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">厂家推介</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(127, 127, 127); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">,</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(112, 48, 160);">维修知识</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(127, 127, 127);">,</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 176, 240);">产品知识</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(127, 127, 127);">,</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(146, 208, 80);">医疗器械相关</span></span></span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(127, 127, 127);">等诸多优质内容,</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(127, 127, 127);">最接地气</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(127, 127, 127);">、</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(127, 127, 127);">重价值</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(127, 127, 127);">的医疗器械微信平台!关注我们妥妥没错,<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">推广合作联系我呦</span>!</span></span></p></blockquote></fieldset><p style=""><img data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/A1DicCH9Vl6MYAEPWTib8tjxcvx0icbN5kq6PvfS6PHyKaMRwicKyXRpyaPRoHgn3OOr1vBKYm6b9vtYp87hJM8nXw/0" data-ratio="0.7835365853658537" data-w="328" width="auto" width="auto" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/A1DicCH9Vl6MYAEPWTib8tjxcvx0icbN5kq6PvfS6PHyKaMRwicKyXRpyaPRoHgn3OOr1vBKYm6b9vtYp87hJM8nXw/640?tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5" style="margin: 0px; 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