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<p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">手术机器人最早破冰商业化，康复机器人大有赶超之势，但雪中送炭的少，锦上添花的多，大规模商业为时尚早。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">“现在医生有了第三只手，它能模仿人手七维活动度，可以左右、上下、前后旋转。”主刀医生中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院泌尿外科主任黄健坐在医生操作系统前，不停地通过控制台上两个手柄，控制手术机器人的器械臂进入患者腹腔，进行前列腺癌根治术。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br /></p><p style="text-align:center"><img data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/dx3KibwtDhvejwqt1Mv7SBhjyGUNuU7ClicBic0tIwYPTbzicVibZV3IoAtpXWhKOpMSCFXYLDZscCA2R4r8fob6OQg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.7506493506493507" data-w="385" /></p><p style="text-align:center"><br /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">这种科技电影中才有的场景，正逐步走进大众视野。随着全球机器人产业的爆发和精准医疗概念的兴起，医疗机器人越来越受到全球关注。在中国，医疗机器人先后被列入《中国制造2025》、《机器人产业发展规划（2016-2020）》等国家级发展规划。近日，北京、上海、深圳密集举办了多场机器人展览会，但亮点有限。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">普华永道合伙人邢立萍指出，医疗机器人可分为四类：手术机器人、康复机器人、辅助机器人和服务机器人。根据机器人应用范围和研发难度的不同，研发周期、投资金额、商业化转化等门槛皆不相同。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">目前这四类机器人中，手术机器人的商业化最早破局，而康复机器人则伴随着老龄化、劳动力成本上升等趋势，大有赶超之势。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">即便如此，医疗机器人仍旧面临安全性、适用性、行业监管、研发突破以及成本和价格高昂等一系列难题，离大规模普及还有很远。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 128, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">手术机器人破局</strong></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">无论是研发起步还是商业化应用，手术机器人皆走在医疗机器人的前列。根据中投数据，截至2016年1月，全球医疗机器人行业年营收达到74.7亿美元，手术机器人占据60％左右市场份额。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">黄健使用的手术机器人是大名鼎鼎的达芬奇，自1995年成立至今，达芬奇俨然成为手术机器人的代名词。由于其精准性普遍高于外科医生，医院常以引进达芬奇而自豪。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">黄健介绍，达芬奇主要用于心脏外科、泌尿外科、胸外科、肝胆胰外科、胃肠外科、妇科等相关的微创腹腔镜手术。主要由三部分组成：医生操作系统、三个器械臂和一个镜头臂组成的床旁机械臂系统、三维视频成像系统。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">“医生手术做多了，手会颤抖，结合机器人可以把颤抖过滤掉。机器人还可以做很多高于人类的精细操作，比如把机器活动值调成人手活动3厘米，机器臂只活动1厘米，手术因此更加精准。”黄健说。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">21世纪经济报道记者曾亲眼看到达芬奇机器人在几分钟之内，把一个破碎的葡萄缝合好，其精准、速度令人惊叹。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">在黄健操作的前列腺癌根治术中，他坐在手术台模拟台上，手里握着两个模拟器，机器人的两个器械臂会跟着黄健做出完全相同的动作。三维视频成像系统提供如同开放直视效果的手术视野。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">另外，机器人的两个器械臂中间有腹腔镜器械，由黄健的助手医师控制。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院泌尿外科主任江春告诉21世纪经济报道记者：“腹腔镜器械是直的，头部无法像机器人的器械臂一样弯曲。这是机器人和普通腹腔镜的最大区别，是通过机器人灵活的手腕，可以做很多我们用腹腔镜做不到的动作，尤其是体内缝合打结。”</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">除了达芬奇，近几年手术机器人领域涌现出越来越多的成果，涉及领域也从腹腔镜延伸到神经外科、五官科、膝关节微创手术等。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">普华永道研报指出，国际主流的手术机器人应用分三大类：一是腹腔镜手术机器人，典型代表是达芬奇；二是放射机器人，通过机器人放射系统，提供立体定向放射治疗，典型代表是Cyberknife；三是辅助手术系统，典型代表是NavioPFS 关节置换术机器人系统，辅助膝关节置换手术的导航设备。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="text-align:center"><img data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/dx3KibwtDhvejwqt1Mv7SBhjyGUNuU7ClaV3Olj9QXlOGKqOPcVvdGkAQsXo3dfpqUhibIvjdOwhbqlGrGj5Z8VQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.75" data-w="500" /></p><p style="text-align:center"><br /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">其中，商业化最为成功的手术机器人达芬奇，其全球装机量达3745台，美国市场安装了2344台，欧洲600多台，亚洲400多台。中国引进达芬奇较晚，国内市场占有率只有不到0.3%，装机量为59台，主要分布在一线城市的大型医院，如北京安贞医院、和睦家医院等。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">即便如此，手术机器人的临床应用依旧处于早期，仍存在诸多改进方案。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">黄健指出：“虽然达芬奇腹腔镜机器人是目前最先进的，但还没有达到完美状态。例如现在有3个机器臂，但我们一个助手一个主刀就有4个手，可以转换的器械还有限。另外，机器人没有力度反馈，无法获得手的感觉。此外，体型、智能化方面也需要很多改进的地方。”</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">达芬奇的竞争对手也即将浮出水面。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">北航机器人研究所名誉所长王田苗向记者透露：“未来五年，最新型的谷Verb微创手术机器人即将进入临床，该机器人无论从体积上、使用安全，还是价格上，都会挑战达芬奇的独霸地位。”</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 128, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">康复类或反超医疗类</span></strong></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">虽然手术机器人率先实现了商业化，但全球在护理人才匮乏、老龄化加速、慢性病蔓延带来的庞大康复医疗需求，为康复机器人带来施展空间。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">民政部国家康复辅具研究中心主任樊瑜波告诉21世纪经济报道记者：“除了广大残疾人群体，正常人伴随年龄增长，失能或半失能、部分失能是人类的自然规律。用劳动力解决生活料理是不现实，例如听力。”</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">南京医科大学康复医学院院长励建安进一步指出：“手术机器人并不带来手术本质的改变，要超越高水平医生还有难度，但康复机器人不会面临这个问题。”</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">康复机器人大致分两类，一类是做训练，让人体的运动机能、神经机能得到改善或者提升；另一类用于辅助，即外骨骼式机器人，通过机器人取代人体肌肉活动和部分骨骼活动。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">根据GrandViewResearch的预测，未来5年广义康复机器人的年复合增长率约为37%，其中运动康复机器人年复合增长率为21%，外骨骼机器人年复合增长率为47%，远高于手术机器人10.66%年复合增长率。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">在起步较早的欧美发达国家，康复机器人产业已经迎来了外骨骼时代。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">华泰证券研报显示，欧美国家适合康复机构使用的牵引式、悬挂式机器人厂商众多，经过10多年的发展，竞争格局趋于稳定且市场趋于饱和。而近年来兴起的外骨骼式机器人，不仅适合康复中心等机构用户，而且在个人用户普及方面显示出巨大潜力，仅美国就有约189亿美元的市场空间。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">但外骨骼机器人与人体的交互性仍旧不足。励建安指出：“外骨骼机器人无法和人体自身的能力有效结合，它只给了肢体一个动力，如果肢体还有部分能力，像半截肢患者，机器人就使不上力了。”</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">不同于手术机器人，康复机器人商业化处于激活前夜。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">以全球最早实现商业化的ReWalk为例，其成立于2001年，主要产品是外骨骼康复机器人，用于协助下肢瘫痪的病人站立行走。但拿到FDA认证后，ReWalk销售情况至今不甚理想，2014年亏损2200万美元，2015年前三季度销售收入也仅为240万美元。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">“外骨骼机器人的生产成本大概只占到售价的10%至20%，大量成本在研发、宣传、培训等附加费用上。性能提升也是个大问题，患者使用之后还需要训练。”励建安透露。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 128, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">大规模普及尚早</span></strong></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">谈及医疗机器人产业的挑战，安全性反复被中外科学家提及。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">ROBO医疗机器人研究所高级顾问许宁坦言：“医疗机器人涉及的系统包括机器、医生、患者多方交流，再加上3D影像、远程等，各个环节都可能出现差错引发安全问题。如医生得到的训练是不是充分，产品质量的稳定性、材料供应商能否持续稳定提供所需要部件等。”</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">即便是商业化应用最广的达芬奇，也曾多次出现批量召回。在美国，器械召回分三类，一类召回最为严重。2007年至今，达芬奇总共出现62次二召回类，2016年7次二类召回。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">根据达芬奇披露的产品评估，设备一共出现过9类问题，其中产品破裂、断损64次，零件遗落（掉在人体里）23次，没有按预期程序工作21次，材料磨损17次。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br /></p><p style="text-align:center"><img data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/dx3KibwtDhvejwqt1Mv7SBhjyGUNuU7ClWKYJU1gwDvz0MyfapOEDHcX0oPQaI4Co2jLucO7h6vm58SDYEBaKIQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.4878048780487805" data-w="615" /></p><p style="text-align:center"><br /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">与此同时，医疗机器人价格昂贵，维护成本高企。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">ReWalk外骨骼康复机器人单套售价在7万美元以上。由Robokind 提供技术支持的互动机器人Milo，专门为自闭症儿童研发，其零售价达到 2000 美元，另外还需每月花费约200美元购买新课程。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">达芬奇最初的售价是3100万人民币，现在已降价不少，但仍高达2000万人民币。王田苗透露，达芬奇的商业模式中，耗材、维修（护）收入占比不小。其中耗材为每台手术700-3200美元，一年大约需要14万-60万美元。另外，使用达芬奇机器人进行的手术，平均费用约提高了3000至6000美元。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">对于科研群体、投资者来说，加入医疗机器人大军面临投资周期长、研发费用高，在关键技术领域很难实现技术突破等难题。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">邢立萍指出：“因为跨学科比较多，全球很多医疗机器人创业公司团队是不齐全的，需要通过融资来补短板，再去攻克研发。中国企业主要是和研发机构合作，所以周期会更长。”</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">另一名投资机构负责人告诉记者：“现在标的不好找，国内大多数是以仿制为主，需要看海外项目。价格上天使轮的项目好一点，有核心技术的基本是几千万，这样的项目到了B轮要5亿－10亿。但失败风险也很高。”</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">在中国，虽然扶持医疗机器人产业的政策红利不断，但研发和产业化皆处于起步阶段。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">其中，自主研发的手术机器人大多数处于临床研究阶段，跑在前头企业则开始商业化探索。例如天智航，研发第三代骨科手术机器人，产品在北京积水潭医院等10多家医院临床应用，天智航目前仍处于亏损状态。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">康复机器人产业的商业化更为早期。华泰证券研报指出，康复机器人尚处于机构用户普及阶段，进入到临床应用的只有牵引式、悬挂式。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">“中国起步晚，科研投入也很少，现在大多数还是进口，尤其是中高端技术。”樊瑜波直言。</p><p><br /></p><p style="text-indent: 0em; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 24px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(249, 249, 249);">广州市设备维修有限公司</span></p><p style="text-indent: 0em; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 12px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">地址：广州市天河区银利街银利茶叶博览中心E栋4楼E4030室 </span><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.75em;"> </span></p><p style="text-indent: 0em; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 12px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.75em;">邮编：510507</span></p><p style="text-indent: 0em; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 12px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">电话：(+86)020-8722 8723 8764 5360 8764 2943 </span></p><p style="text-indent: 0em; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 12px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">传真：020-8722 8623</span></p><p style="text-indent: 0em; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 12px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">全国统一免费服务热线：400-020-6788</span></p><p style="text-indent: 0em; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 12px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">微信公众帐号：</span></p><p style="text-indent: 0em; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 12px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><img data-ratio="1" data-type="jpeg" data-w="120" width="auto" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/dx3KibwtDhvfCZvZq5PcthnDKlnnq3AalhbichW77J3B70osicTickklZybNKUZqc44DZ0oaWaHm2p0TaA9478icwPg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; width: auto !important; visibility: visible !important;" /></p><p style="text-indent: 0em; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 12px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">维修咨询：QQ: 712638 404</span></p><p style="text-indent: 0em; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 12px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">设备咨询: QQ: 712638 405</span></p><p style="text-indent: 0em; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 12px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">软件咨询：QQ: 712638 406</span></p><p style="text-indent: 0em; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 12px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">配件咨询：QQ: 712638 407</span></p><p style="text-indent: 0em; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 12px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">交流Q群：1106 11074</span></p><p style="text-indent: 0em; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 12px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">网址：http://www.yiliaoshebeiweixiu.com</span></p><p style="text-indent: 0em; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 12px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">电子邮箱：service@yiliaoshebeiweixiu.com</span></p><p style="text-indent: 0em; line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br /></span></p><p><br /></p>
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发表于 2020-10-19 23:41:48