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B超探头的工作原理及注意事项

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发表于 2020-10-19 23:34:55 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式

                    

                    

                    
                    
                    <p style="margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;line-height:28px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei">超声诊断仪是通过探头产生入射超声波</span>(发射波)和接收反射波(回收)的,它是超声诊断仪的重要部件。</span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;line-height:28px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei">目前探头可以发射和接收超声,进行电声信号转换,能够将由主机送来的电信号转变为高频振荡的超声信号,又能将从组织脏器反射回来的超声信号转变为电信号而显示于主机的显示器上,超声探头就是利用这一工作原理制成的。担任这一主要任务的硬件是探头内部组成部分的晶片,在通电状态下,它能产生弹性形变,从而产生超声波</span>;相反情况下,当超声波通过晶片时,又能引起它产生弹性形变,继而引起电压的变化,最后通过信号处理板对相应电信号变化的处理来完成被探测物图像探查,这一处理过程称为压电效应。</span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;line-height:28px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><strong><span style=";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei">什么是压电效应:</span></span></strong></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;line-height:28px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei">压电效应泛指晶体处于弹性介质中所具有的一种声</span>-电可逆效应,具有压电效应的晶体称之为压电晶体。目前常用的晶体材料有硫酸锂,石英,钛酸钡,锆酸铅等人工或自然晶体。钛酸钡,锆酸铅是在高温下烧结的多晶陶瓷体,把毛坯烧成陶瓷体后,经过适当的打磨修整,得到所需的几何尺寸,在用高压直流电场极化后,具有压电性质成为换能器件。</span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;line-height:28px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><strong><span style=";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei">压电效应分为:正压电效应和逆压电效应两类</span></span></strong></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;line-height:28px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><strong><span style=";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei">正压电效应:</span></span></strong><span style=";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei">在晶体或陶瓷体一定方向上,加上机械压力,使其变形,晶体或陶瓷的两个受力面上产生符号相反的电荷;变形方向相反,两面的电荷极性也随着变换,电荷密度同施加机械力成正比,这种因机械力作用而激起表面的电荷效应,称之为正压电效应。</span></span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;line-height:28px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><strong><span style=";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei">逆压电效应:</span></span></strong><span style=";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei">在晶体与陶瓷表面沿轴方向施加电压,在电场作用下引起几何应变,电压方向改变,机械应变方向也随着改变,形变与电场成比例,这种因电场作用而引起的形变效应,称之为逆压电效应。晶体和陶瓷片因切割方向与几何尺寸的不同,产生机械振动的固有频率也不同,当外加的交变电压的频率与固有频率一致时,产生的机械振动最强。当外加的交变电压频率与固有频率一致时,产生的电荷也最多。在超生波诊断仪中激励脉冲的频率必须与探头的固有频率相同</span></span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;line-height:28px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><strong><span style=";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei">那么</span>B超探头使用中注意事项有哪些?</span></strong></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;line-height:28px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><strong><span style=";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px">1、断电插拔。</span></strong></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;line-height:28px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px">B超探头首先是属于B超诊断系统的,所以使用时必须连接到诊断系统中去才能正常工作,此时要注意的是:连接探头前是在断电关机下进行 ;当其从主机上插拔探头前,也必须先把主机电源切断。</span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;line-height:28px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei">假如该操作是在开机通电的情况下进行,探头的插拔会因为反复接触导通与断开而快速老化而影响寿命,甚至会因电流的多次瞬间导通而产生强大的电流而烧坏探头内的线材或者芯片等。</span></span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;line-height:28px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><strong><span style=";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px">2、禁止撞击。</span></strong></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;line-height:28px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px">B超探头是B超机的重要核心部件,在使用过程中严禁敲打、跌落、碰撞。</span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;line-height:28px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><strong><span style=";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px">3、保持干燥、洁净环境。</span></strong></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;line-height:28px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei">探头不用时应放入机器的探头保护盒中,保护盒中应保持干燥和清洁。</span></span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;line-height:28px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><strong><span style=";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px">4、试用合格的耦合剂。</span></strong></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;line-height:28px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei">使用合格的超声耦合剂,严禁含油或含其它化学溶剂成分。</span></span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;line-height:28px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><strong><span style=";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px">5、软物擦拭清洁。</span></strong></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;line-height:28px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei">探头使用结束后须经清洁处理,探头表面可用软布浸水清洗,不可用硬纸等擦洗</span> ,否则易损坏探头的声透镜。</span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;line-height:28px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><strong><span style=";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px">6、避免外界仪器的震动损坏。</span></strong></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;line-height:28px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei">如</span>B超用于碎石机,治疗机等强功率超声设备或振动设备的体外定位时,应在定位结束,强功率设备或振动设备还未开启之前,将探头移开,以确保强功率超声或振动不作用于B超探头上,否则探头及易损坏。</span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;line-height:28px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><strong><span style=";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px">7、禁止浸入液体。</span></strong></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;line-height:28px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei">探头结构是非水密的</span> <span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei">,一旦有液体浸入探头内部</span> <span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei">,有可能造成内部线材的短路</span> <span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei">,或</span> <span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei">一些</span> pcb板的烧坏,从而造成诊断系统的不能正常工作。所以,当我们使用超声探头时,都不允许任何液体浸没探头下方接缝线。</span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;line-height:28px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><strong><span style=";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px">8、避免在强电磁干扰的地方使用。</span></strong></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0;text-indent:0;line-height:28px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei">有的信号处理板集成在探头组件里,当在强电磁干扰的环境里使用,容易造成显示图像干扰。所以在使用的时候,尽量避免在强电磁干扰的地方使用。</span></span></p><p><br  /></p><p style="font-size: 16px; text-indent: 0em; white-space: normal; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 24px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(249, 249, 249);">广州市设备维修有限公司</span></p><p style="text-indent: 0em; white-space: normal; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 12px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">地址:广州市天河区银利街银利茶叶博览中心E栋4楼E4030室 &nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p style="text-indent: 0em; white-space: normal; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 12px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">邮编:510507</span></p><p style="text-indent: 0em; white-space: 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!important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><img data-ratio="1" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/dx3KibwtDhvfCZvZq5PcthnDKlnnq3AalhbichW77J3B70osicTickklZybNKUZqc44DZ0oaWaHm2p0TaA9478icwPg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="120" width="auto" style="box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible !important; width: auto !important;"  /></p><p style="text-indent: 0em; white-space: normal; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 12px; font-family: Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">维修咨询:QQ: &nbsp;712638 404</span></p><p style="text-indent: 0em; white-space: normal; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 12px; 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